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Microfluidics
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Microfluidic devices are characterized by channels with
diameters ranging roughly
between 100 nm and 100 microns, often involving particles
with diameters ranging
roughly from 10 nm to 10 microns. At these length scales,
the Reynolds number
is low and the flow is usually laminar, but the mass transfer Peclet
number is often large, leading to unique microfluidic mixing regimes. Because the diameters are
small and it is
difficult to generate large flow velocities with pressure,
other effects can
dominate. In particular, electrokinetic effects
(electroosmosis and
electrophoresis) can dominate and voltage can be
used to manipulate fluids,
molecules, and particles. A variety of chemical separations
have been developed in microfluidic
devices owing to the beneficial species transport
often associated with microchip devices.
Surface tension can also
be very important, and
bubbles and drops can often be manipulated with
temperature and electric fields.
We are focused on several aspects of microfluidics: (1)
fiber processing,
materials synthesis,
and
pharmaceutical production;
(2) using microscale devices
as a platform to understand
electrokinetic phenomena at interfaces;
and (3)
using microfabricated
structures to culture,
sort, capture
and
study
cells.
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Selected Publications and Presentations on Microfluidic Transport
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Kirby BJ
"Micro- and Nanoscale Fluid Mechanics for Engineers,"
textbook in preparation for publication in 2009.
click here for html version|
Cambridge University Press
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Rouillard AD,
Berglund CM,
Lee JY,
Polacheck WJ,
Tsui YT,
Bonassar LJ,
Kirby BJ
"Methods for photocrosslinking alginate hydrogel scaffolds with
high cell viability,"
submitted, 2009.
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Gleghorn JP,
Pratt ED,
Denning D,
Liu H,
Bander NH,
Tagawa S,
Nanus DM,
Giannakakou PA,
Kirby BJ
"Capture of circulating tumor cells from whole blood of
prostate cancer patients using geometrically enhanced
differential immunocapture and a prostate-specific antibody",
Lab on a Chip, 2010.
doi
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Rouillard AD,
Tsui YT,
Polacheck WJ,
Lee JY,
Bonassar LJ,
Kirby BJ
"Control of the Electromechanical Properties of Alginate Hydrogels via
Ionic and Covalent Crosslinking and Microparticle Doping,"
submitted, 2009.
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hawkins BG,
Huang C,
Stranic I,
Kondapalli SK,
Kirby BJ
"Particle screening in polymeric microfluidic devices using insulating
dielectrophoresis and frequency modulated electric fields", ",
MicroTAS 2009, 1-5 Nov 2009, Jeju, Korea.
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Kondapalli SK,
Connelly JT,
Baeumner AJ,
Kirby BJ
"On-chip electrophoretic concentration of liposomes
for antibody-based viral biosensors", ",
MicroTAS 2009, 1-5 Nov 2009, Jeju, Korea.
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Kirby BJ
"Nanofluidics" (book review),
Materials Today, 12(5) 51, 2009.
doi
pdf
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Tandon VT,
Bhagavatula S,
Kirby BJ
"Transient Zeta Potential Measurements in Hydrophobic,
TOPAS Microfluidic Substrates,"
Electrophoresis 30(15) 2656-2667, 2009.
doi
pdf
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Kondapalli S,
Kirby BJ
"Refolding of beta-galactosidase: Microfluidic device for reagent metering
and mixing and quantification of refolding yield,"
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 7(2) 275-281, 2009.
doi
pdf
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Hawkins BG,
Gleghorn JP,
Kirby BJ
"Dielectrophoresis for cell and particle manipulation,"
submitted, 2008.
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Kondapalli S,
Kirby BJ
"Refolding of beta-galactosidase: Microfluidic device for reagent metering
and mixing and quantification of refolding yield,"
AIChE 2008.
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Kondapalli S,
Kirby BJ
"Microfluidic devices for protein refolding," CHI PepTalk 2008, San Diego, CA, Jan 2008.
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George PA, Hui W, Rana F,
Hawkins BG,
Smith AE,
Kirby BJ
"Integrated microfluidic devices for terahertz spectroscopy of biomolecules",
Optics Express, 16(3) 1577-1582 (2008).
pdf
text
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Hawkins BG,
Smith AE,
Kirby BJ
"High-throughput, continuous-flow, dielectrophoretic
screening of Mycobacterium smegmatis in
coherently patterned, polymeric microchannels",
AIChE 2007, Salt Lake City, UT, November 2007.
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Hawkins BG,
Tandon V,
Kirby BJ
"Electrokinetic tools for cellular screening in plastic microdevices: interfacial
characterization and engineering design",
Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Washington, DC, October 2007.
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Lok SM,
Hinestroza JP,
Kirby BJ
"Spatially resolved microfluidic solvent etching of bicomponent
extrustion nanofibers",
MicroTAS 2007, Paris, France, October 2007.
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Hawkins BG,
Smith AE,
Kirby BJ
"High-throughput, continuous-flow, dielectrophoretic
screening of Mycobacterium smegmatis in
coherently patterned, polymeric microchannels",
MicroTAS 2007, Paris, France, October 2007.
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Tandon V,
Bhagavatula SK,
Nelson WC, Sharma AN,
Kirby BJ
"Electrokinetic and scanned probe microscopy characterization
of interfacial nanobubble phenomena in hydrophobic microfluidic
devices", MicroTAS 2007, Paris, France, October 2007.
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Tandon V,
Bhagavatula SK,
Nelson WC,
Kirby BJ
"Zeta potential and electroosmotic mobility in microfluidic devices
fabricated from hydrophobic polymers: 1. The origins of charge",
Electrophoresis 29(5):1092-1101, 2008.
doi
pdf
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Tandon V,
Kirby BJ
"Zeta potential and electroosmotic mobility in microfluidic devices
fabricated from hydrophobic polymers: 2. Slip and interfacial water structure",
Electrophoresis 29(5):1102-1114, 2008.
doi
pdf
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Tandon V,
Bhagavatula SK,
Nelson WC, Sharma AN,
Kirby BJ
Gordon Research Conference on Microfluidics, Waterville Valley, NH, 2007.
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Hawkins BG,
Smith AE,
Kirby BJ
Gordon Research Conference on Microfluidics, Waterville Valley, NH, 2007.
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Hawkins BG,
Smith AE,
Syed YA,
Kirby BJ
"Continuous-flow particle separation by 3D insulative
dielectrophoresis using coherently shaped, DC-biased,
AC electric fields,"
Analytical Chemistry, 2007.
doi
pdf
text
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Wilkes JO , with Birmingham SG,
Kirby BJ, Cheng C-Y
"Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers with Microfluidics and CFD,"
Prentice-Hall, 2005.
click here to go to text webpage
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Mela P, van den Berg A, Fintschenko Y,
Cummings EB, Simmons BA,
Kirby BJ
"The zeta potential of cyclo-olefin polymer microchannels and its effects on insulative (electrodeless)
dielectrophoresis particle trapping devices,"
Electrophoresis 26:1792-1799 (2005).
doi
pdf
text
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Reichmuth DS, Shepodd TJ,
Kirby BJ
"Microchip HPLC of peptides and proteins,"
Analytical Chemistry 77:2997-3000 (2005).
doi
pdf
text
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Kirby BJ,
Reichmuth DS, Renzi RF, Shepodd TJ,
Wiedenman BJ
"Microfluidic routing of aqueous and
organic flows at high pressure: Fabrication and
characterization of integrated polymer microvalve elements,"
Lab on a Chip 5:184-190 (2005).
doi
pdf
text
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Song S, Mela P, van den Berg A,
Kirby BJ
"Microfluidic architectures for integrated cell lysis,
lysate dialysis and cell stimulus," in MicroTAS 2004, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2004).
pdf
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Reichmuth DS, Shepodd TJ,
Kirby BJ
"On-chip
high-pressure picoliter injector for pressure-driven flow
through porous media," Analytical Chemistry
76:5063-5068 (2004).
doi
pdf
text
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Song S, Singh AK,
Kirby BJ
"Electrophoretic
Concentration of Proteins at Laser-Patterned Porous
Membranes," Analytical Chemistry 76:4589-4592 (2004).
doi
pdf
text |
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Song S, Singh AK, Shepodd TJ,
Kirby BJ
"Microchip dialysis of proteins using in situ
photopatterned nanoporous polymer membranes", Analytical
Chemistry 76:2367-2373 (2004).
doi
pdf
text
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Kirby BJ,
Hasselbrink, Jr. EF
"The Zeta
Potential of Microfluidic Substrates. 1. Theory, experimental
techniques, and effects on separations,"
Electrophoresis, 25:187-202
(2004).
doi
pdf
text
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Kirby BJ,
Hasselbrink, Jr. EF
"The Zeta
Potential of Microfluidic Substrates. 2. Data for polymers,"
Electrophoresis, 25:203-213 (2004).
doi
pdf
text
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Reichmuth DS, Shepodd TJ,
Kirby BJ
"RP-HPLC microchip
separations with subnanoliter on-chip pressure injections," in MicroTAS 2003, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2003).
pdf
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Reichmuth DS,
Kirby BJ
"Effects of
Ammonioalkyl sulfonate internal salts on electrokinetic
micropump performance and Reversed-Phase HPLC separations,"
Journal of Chromatography A, 1013:93-101
(2003).
doi
pdf
text
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Reichmuth DS, Chirica GS,
Kirby BJ
"Increasing the Performance of High-Pressure,
High-Efficiency Electrokinetic Micropumps Using Zwitterionic
Solute Additives," Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, 92:37-43 (2003).
doi
pdf
text
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Kirby BJ,
Wheeler AR, Zare RN, Fruetel JA,
Shepodd TJ
"Programmable Modification of Cell Adhesion
and Zeta Potential in Silica Microchips,"Lab On a Chip
3:5-10 (2003).
doi
pdf
text
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Kirby BJ,
Shepodd TJ, Hasselbrink, Jr. EF
"Voltage-Addressable On/Off Microvalves for High-Pressure
Microchip Separations," Journal of Chromatography A
979:147-154 (2002).
doi
pdf
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Wheeler AR, Morishima K,
Kirby BJ,
Leach A,
Zare RN
"CATH.a Neuron Cell Analysis on a Chip With
Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography," MicroTAS 2001,
Kluwer Academic Publishers, (2001).
pdf
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Cartoon of cellular transport over ridged microchannels
that sort using
dielectrophoresis. Place mouse on image to animate.
Here, a high-DEP cell (red) is deflected as compared to a
low-DEP cell (green).
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A microfluidic injector for mixing and reacting
approximately 500 picoliters of fluid at high
pressures (70 atm)
before injecting the results into a miniaturized
high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system.
A chemically-etched glass substrate holds
laser-polymerized fluoropolymer elements
that open and close fluidic
channels just like transistors in
microelectronic circuits open and close electrical connections.
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